The fast fact and History of Hockey

Hockey:

Hockey is the national game of India. But the position of hockey in India is very weak. Indian Hockey Federation (IHF) was formed on 7^th November, 1925 at Gwalior. Since 1944, National Hockey Championship is organized by the IHF every year. All India Women’s Hockey Federation was formed in 1947.

About 2500 B.C. alike Hockey, a game was played in Farace. In a Unani picture of year 300 B.C. have been shown the two players with hockey sticks in hands, in the pose to make bully. And the same picture can be seen in the tomb no. 17 of Beni Hasan in Iran, which tomb is of 2500 B.C. In the mid age, a game ‘Hocke’ was played in France alike the Hockey. In Scotland, this game is known as ‘Shunty’ and as ‘Harle’ in Ireland.

The first British description of this game is found at Lincolnshire in1277. Black heath Rugby and Hockey Club is the first hockey club in the world which was set up in the year 1861 in England. And, London was the first city in England to popularize this game in the 1870s. In the year 1886, Hockey Association of England was formed in London.

The apex institution of hockey is ‘Federation International De Hockey’, established on january7, 1924, with headquarters at Vienna (Austria) and later shifted to Paris (France). The first International Hockey match was played between Wales and Ireland in Rayle on June 26, 1895.

Hockey was introduced in the Olympic Games for the first time in 1908 in London. India took part in Olympic for the first time in 1928 (in Amsterdam Olympic). In Olympics, India has won the hockey title a maximum of 8 times.

The first World Cup Hockey was played in Barcelona in 1971.

 

Measurements:

Nos. of players:           11 players in each team

Length of field:           91.44 meters

Width of field:               55-55 meters

Weight of the ball:      155-163 grams

Circumference of the ball: 223-224 cm

Color of the ball:         white

Weight of the hockey (stick): 280 grams (max.)

Terminology:

Advantage, Back-stick, Bully, Carry, Centre forward, Dribble, Dodge, Goal line, Green Card, Flick hit, Face of stick, Full back, Half volley, Jab Stroke, Lung Stroke, Melee, off side, Penalty shoot out, Penalty stroke, Push in, Roll in, Short corner, Striking circle or shooting circle, Square pass, Shooting, Tackling, Through Pass, Under cutting, Stick, Scoop, Side line, Tie breaker, Penalty, Volley etc.

Cups/ Trophy:

Rene Frank Trophy (world Championship), Champions Trophy, Astanda Cup, BMW trophy, Ajalan Shah Cup, Indira Gandhi international gold cup, Rangaswami cup (national championship), Lady Ratan Tata Trophy (national woman championship), Betan Cup, Obeydullha Gold Cup, Federation Cup, Mumbai Gold Cup, Dhyanchand Trophy, Jawaharlal Nehru Cup, Surjeet singh cup, Aaga Khan cup, Sindhiya gold cup, Him swarn cup, Seizers-Clarke cup, Murugappa Gold cup, Khan Abdul Gaffar khan Trophy, Maharaja Ranjeet singh Trophy, etc.

World Cup Hockey Record Table:

Year	Place	Winner	Runners up	India’s Position
1971	Barcelona	Pakistan	Spain	Third
1972	Amsterdam	Holland	India	Second
1975	Kuala Lumpur	India	Pakistan	First
1978	Buenos Aires	Pakistan	Holland	Sixth
1982	Mumbai	Pakistan	West Germany	Fifth
1986	London	Australia	England	Twelfth
1990	Lahore	Holland	Pakistan	Tenth
1994	Sydney	Pakistan	Holland	Fifth
1998	Utrecht	Holland	Spain	Ninth
2002	Kuala Lumpur	Germany	Australia	Tenth
2006	Monchengladbach	Germany	Australia	Eleventh
2010	New Delhi	Australia	Germany	Eighth
2014	Holland/England	To	Be	Held
2018